US President Barack Obama and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi agreed on Tuesday (September 30) to deepen US-Indian cooperation on maritime security to ensure freedom of navigation in what amounts to a response to China's naval muscle-flexing in Asia.
The agreement emerged from two days of talks between Obama and the new Indian prime minister as they worked to revitalize a relationship hurt by a heated diplomatic dispute at the turn of the year and flagging optimism about India as a place to do business before the reform-minded Modi came to power in May.
Obama and Modi, speaking to reporters in the Oval Office, said their discussions ranged from trade to space exploration to climate change to the Islamic State threat in the Middle East.
“We already have the foundation of a strong partnership,” said Modi, seated beside Obama. “We now have to revive the momentum and ensure that we get the best out of it for our people and for the world.”
A stronger relationship between the United States and India, the world's two largest democracies, has the potential to provide a counterweight to China, whose maritime moves in the Asia-Pacific have rattled regional nerves.
A joint statement said Obama and Modi agreed “to intensify cooperation in maritime security to ensure freedom of navigation and unimpeded movement of lawful shipping and commercial activity, in accordance with accepted principles of international law.”
China's increasing assertiveness over territorial claims in the South China Sea and East China Sea has angered its neighbors. India and China have a long-running land border dispute and India's military has recently been monitoring Chinese activity in the Indian Ocean.
Obama and Modi also agreed to negotiate a 10-year extension of a military cooperation framework due to expire at year-end, and will stress counter-terrorism cooperation and joint efforts against militant networks.
However, Indian officials noted that while terrorism was a big shared concern, the joint statement made no reference to any plan for India to joint Obama's coalition against the Islamic State.
Obama said he was impressed by Modi's interest in addressing poverty and growing India's economy, as well as his determination that India should help bring about peace and security in the world.
“I want to wish him luck in what I'm sure will be a challenging but always interesting tenure as prime minister,” Obama said.
In a unique departure from protocol, Obama took Modi on a short motorcade drive from the White House to the memorial honoring slain US civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr.
Modi met congressional leaders and members of the US India business lobby before leaving on Tuesday. After meeting the former, he stressed the importance of addressing environmental issues and cooperation on security. “The humanity of the entire world needs to come together to fight terrorism,” he said.
Speaking to the US India Business Council, Modi vowed to continue his war on red tape and urged US business to take advantage of the rapid changes in India.
“My country has come awake,” he said. “Please come. And together you will benefit and my country will also benefit.”
